145170 (Springer, Berlin, 2009). Tita, G. E. & Greenbaum, R. T. Crime, neighborhoods, and units of analysis: putting space in its place. In 2010, Jurez, the most important border city of Chihuahua State, had almost 3,000 drug war-related casualties, 10 times more than those in 2008. In particular, the killing of a Zetas leader, Vctor Pea Mendoza, alias El Concorde 3, by a gunman of Cartel del Golfo, at the beginning of 2010 in the neighboring state of Tamaulipas (https://tinyurl.com/y2oogsy99), triggered a wave of retaliations between both criminal gangs, unleashing an unprecedented number of homicides in Nuevo Len, Tamaulipas and Veracruz states in Mexico. Please let us know if you're having issues with commenting. 2023 Tour By Mexico. Overall, about 3,500 women were killed. The city is a major industrial center in the country and has a large airport, making it a popular destination for travelers. But the narcos keep managing it and keep recruiting enough foot soldiers to use as cannon fodder. In addition to receiving information on overall crime and safety, you can also retrieve safety data for other concerns such as transportation, airport conditions, terrorism threats, environmental hazards, the status of medical emergency care, and more. In the first minutes of this 2022 criminals abandoned a cooler that contained a woman's head in the Ciudad Solidaridad sector of Monterrey. Dozens of politicians and candidates have been killed, particularly around election times, and in June 2020 the chief of Mexicos police narrowly avoided being gunned down in an ambush launched on one of the capital citys most lavish streets, in full view of international embassies. 2011, 2012, and 2013 were the years with the highest rates of homicides, also showed the highest co-occurrences. We have been capable to study at different levels of granularity of temporal (8-year, year, and month), and spatial components (country-level, state-level, municipality, and neighborhood), in order to provide a multi-scale approach that allows to dissect possible explanations behind the violent behavior in urban metropolitan areas, specifically in the case of the war on drugs in Mexico. Thanks for reading The Crime Report! 18, 12491267 (2008). In the meantime, Mexicans will have to hope and pray AMLOs great gamble pays off. However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. This is evident from the observation of Pesquera and Cadereyta municipalities and their neighborhoods, practically all of them had co-occurrences with other municipalities, mainly in the Polygon zone. The wet season runs from June to September. In the face of this conflicted response, the main inter-cartel war continues and countless local conflicts play out around the country. In order to include highways in our data, specifically in order to observe the proximity of crime events near a highway and also analyze the distance of violent neighborhoods from them, we obtained all Open Street Map (OSM) data points related to highways in the MMA. Last year Mexico recorded 1,015 cases of femicide when a woman is murdered specifically because of her gender compared with 977 in 2020. In Putting Crime in Its Place (eds Weisburd, D. et al.) One of the parties involved is the Mexico City Police Department which released the approximate locations and categories of all crime reports from January 2013 to September 2016. Mapping was performed using pandas and geopandas packages in Python. Public places such as stations, streets, and airports are common areas for theft. Rosen, J. D. & Zepeda, R. Organized Crime, Drug Trafficking, and Violence in Mexico: The Transition from Felipe Caldern to Enrique Pea Nieto (Lexington Books, Lanham, 2016). This is another instance in which this network approach helped us to describe the spatio-temporal evolution in MMA, and also gave us hints to provide possible explanations for which the violence behaved like that. Javier Aguilar, Aleix Bassolas, Adam Sadilek, Alina Ristea, Riley Tucker, Dan OBrien, Giovanna Cavali Silva & Evandro Marcos Saidel Ribeiro, Carlos Cartes, Kenzo Asahi & Rodrigo Fernndez, Miriam Marco, Enrique Gracia, Marisol Lila, Scientific Reports The name Cartel del Golfo was adopted because this group controlled the states of the Eastern Coast of Mexico: Tamaulipas and Veracruz. Although Monterrey is frequently affected by organized crime and gang activity, tourists are rarely victims, while those who live and work there are the most vulnerable. Importantly, we can observe the above-mentioned decrease in homicides after 2013. A relevant question is why this violence decreased after those years? 111, 18002 (2015). Brantingham, P. L., Ester, M., Frank, R., Glsser, U. Rev. Radil, S. M., Flint, C. & Tita, G. E. Spatializing social networks: using social network analysis to investigate geographies of gang rivalry, territoriality, and violence in los angeles. 4 shows, the yearly evolution of homicides in MMA varied importantly between the same municipality. Following the arrest, authorities were able to find a clandestine mass grave approximately 500 yards from Escobedo City Hall. Gobernanza para la gobernabilidad. A pertinent question raised by the observed differences between Mexican States in homicides, is why two States (Nuevo Len and Yucatn) with the presence of the same group (Zetas) presented so dissimilar behavior? The metropolitan area of Monterrey is the most populous in the country, with 4,1 million people in 2010. In recent weeks, the town has seen roughly 40 cartel-related murders with little government interference. This behavior contrasts with the rest of municipalities of the MMA: It can indeed be appreciated in Fig. This contrast can be attributed to the difference in the GDP between both places. If youre traveling public, its a good idea to keep an eye out for pickpockets. Since information regarding the offender and the victim is lacking, we only count with the location and date of occurrence. Then in 2006, war was declared. Homicide is without doubt one of Mexico's most important security problems, with data showing that this dismal kind of violence sky-rocketed shortly after the war on drugs was declared in 2007. Network composed by adjacent violent neighborhoods during the entire period under study. On October 9, unknown gunmen left a male victim with a severed head on the south side of the city. Daily average temperatures range from between 65-79F, with highs of 91F and lows of 50F. In Janaury 2021, the burnt remains of 19 people believed to be migrants trying to cross the border into the US through gang-controlled territory were found in smoldering vehicles. Political division of MMA. If you like waterfalls, theres the Horsetail Falls Park Tour. 8, 1 (2007). 2023 Copyright by Travel Safe - Abroad. Math. Wilson, J. Q. Each color represents a connected component with more than 10 edges. There arent any beaches near Monterrey lololol. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. Google Scholar. Data was taken from El Norte newspaper daily-updated database (ENDB). PLoS ONE 10, e0126503 (2015). In Monterrey, a major economic hub, the government delivers water daily to 400 neighborhoods. The other main attraction is Barrio Antiguo, a community lined with colorful adobe homes, galleries, and nightclubs to please many tastes. Just this week, evidence has emerged of gangs using improvised explosive devices against the army, similar to those used in Iraq and Afghanistan against occupying forces. 11, we may corroborate that the urban environment also shapes the broader distribution of homicides in MMA during the measured period. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. To obtain If youre looking for a lively city with lots of attractions, Monterrey is a great place to visit. 7, 29 (2018). This is mainly the case of Apodaca, Monterrey, Cadereyta Jimnez, San Nicols de los Garza and Guadalupe. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. Another point to take into account that also reinforces the hypothesis of the Polygon control, is that there is almost none co-occurrence between adjacent or close neighborhoods in any part of the MMA during the study, but those in the Polygon zone. There is something for everyone to enjoy, from its rich culture and history to its exquisite restaurants, hotels, and shopping malls. Logan, S. & Grayson, G. W. The Executioners Men: Los Zetas, Rogue Soldiers, Criminal Entrepreneurs, and the Shadow State They Created (Transaction Publishers, Piscataway, 2015). If you find something abusive or that does not comply with our terms or guidelines please flag it as inappropriate. In what follows, we will provide a brief resume of the main reasons that derived in the Golfo-Zetas war in the MMA. Scientific Reports (Sci Rep) 9. Additionally, this cartel controlled Nuevo Leon, Part of State of Coahuila, Zacatecas and San Luis Potos. They are able to take entire cities like an invasion force associated with an insurgency, they deploy drones to drive people out of areas, they use quite stunning forms of violence. The most important result of this money management was the return of illegal capital to the legal market. performed calculations, cured the OSM data, made the figures, analyzed the results, wrote the manuscript. Our Police rarely catch criminals. De La Garza from Nuevo Leon. CAS Comments are moderated, refer to policy for more information.Enva fotos, vdeos, notas, enlaces o informacin Todo 100% Annimo;borderlandbeat@gmail.com. Google Scholar. Get in touch with our news team by emailing us at webnews@metro.co.uk. Furthermore, the distance intervals where defined by a sequence of quantile values from 0 to 1 with a 0.05 quantile step. In this work, we used geo-located homicide data to analyze the structure and dynamics of homicide-related violence in the MMA. Further investigation regarding this topic is needed to reach a solid conclusion, however, we discuss here the empirical observation. Google Scholar. Scams can happen in Monterrey or anywhere. In the figure we also depict some considered key moments in the evolution of the homicide rates in Nuevo Len. Pia-Garca, C. & Ramrez-Ramrez, L. Exploring crime patterns in Mexico city. Lett.) Assoc. 4, where Santa Catarinas correlations are the lowest for the entire set. As mentioned in the results section, Santa Catarina is not the most violent municipality in MMA, but this place has a monotonous homicide rate, even during the years of low homicide rates in MMA. 8 we also show the places in which these events appear. 1). Zorbaugh, H. W. The Gold Coast and the Slum: A Sociological Study of Chicagos Near North Side (University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1983). 106, 100108 (2011). However, the dynamics of that violence was not the same in all Mexican states. According to recently published reports, Tamaulipas's new attorney general, Irving Barrios Mojica, admitted Matamoros is one of the three most dangerous cities in the state. Don't worry about BLM. Geospatial distribution of homicides in MMA with highways. Mexico's criminal landscape has morphed in recent years from one dominated by a handful of powerful cartels into a fragmented web of nearly 200 criminal groups defined by fragile and fast-changing alliances. The newest outcry was been sparked by the disappearance and apparent murder of Monterrey resident Debanhi Susana Escobar Bazalda, a budding lawyer who vanished after leaving a party in the early hours of Saturday 9 April and whose corpse was only found last Thursday, 13 days later. better to the case of San Nicolas, as it does not have a main connected component. Yes, it is safe to drive to Monterrey, Mexico. Tesla's next vehicle assembly plant will be in Mexico near Monterrey, CEO Elon Musk announced . There is a dry season from November to May. It behooves us all to be watchful and keep abreast of local threats in the news and areas of heightened security. If you dont have a car, no worries because public transportation is in abundance and very convenient. President Andrs Manuel Lpez Obrador said the promise came in phone calls he had Friday and Monday with Tesla head Elon . It was the first time Mexico hadn't advanced to the round of 16 since 1978. . Travelers should exercise caution when visiting Monterrey and avoid traveling alone or in unfamiliar areas. A crucial step in the analysis and development of accurate models of homicide-dynamics is data collection, in particular, availability of geolocated data and precise dating of events is required. Of analysis: putting space in its place cookies are absolutely essential for the period. Show the places in which these events appear cookies may affect your browsing experience phone calls he had Friday Monday... Regarding the offender and the victim is lacking, we used geo-located homicide data to analyze the and... 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